question #32 : the planet of z

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the planet of z has 10 billion inhabitants. there are 5 billion male inhabitants and 5 billion female inhabitants. the imperial ruler of the planet is chosen by lottery and remains ruler until death, and is then replaced by another person chosen by lottery. until recently, the law stated that all 5 billion males and only the 5 billion males were entered in the lottery . but the law has now been amended so that all 10 billion inhabitants, male and female, are entered. the result is that where previously every male had one chance in 5 billion and every female had 0 chance, now every inhabitant has one chance in 10 billion. how would you interpret this development? that it is a) a tremendous change, as now the males and females have an equal chance or b) that it is inconsequential, as the chances of any one person winning the lottery remain infinitesimally small? next